Which Jobs Are Robots Coming For?

Robots we track are targeting 264 distinct categories of human work. This page ranks every one of them by how many commercially available robots threaten it — 71 machines in total, 62 of them shipping today. The most-targeted job right now is palletizer (6 robots). Rankings are recomputed from our weekly-verified catalog on every site build; last verification pass: August 30, 2026.

Categories in green link to a full breakdown of the robots targeting them.

  1. palletizer 6 robots
    ABB IRB 6710Dexterity MechFanuc CRX-10iAKUKA KR QUANTECMOTOMAN GP12Symbotic SymBot
  2. warehouse picker 6 robots
    Agility DigitAutoStore Cube Storage SystemFigure 02Locus OriginRainbow Robotics RB-Y1Unitree G1
  3. taxi driver 5 robots
    Apollo Go (Apollo RT6)Pony.ai Gen-7 RobotaxiWaymo One robotaxiWeRide Robotaxi GXRZoox robotaxi
  4. automotive assembly worker 4 robots
    Apptronik ApolloAtlas (Electric)Figure 02Tesla Optimus
  5. machine tending operator 4 robots
    Fanuc CRX-10iARainbow Robotics RB-Y1Holiday Robotics FRIDAYNEURA 4NE-1 (Gen 3.5)
  6. airport shuttle driver 3 robots
    Apollo Go (Apollo RT6)Waymo One robotaxiWeRide Robotaxi GXR
  7. material handler 3 robots
    Atlas (Electric)Locus VectorMOTOMAN GP12
  8. agricultural aircraft pilot (crop duster) 2 robots
    Agras T70PXAG P150 Max
  9. assembly line worker (light industrial) 2 robots
    MagicBot Gen1Rainbow Robotics RB-Y1
  10. automotive spot welder (body shop) 2 robots
    ABB IRB 6710KUKA KR QUANTEC
  11. commercial cleaner 2 robots
    AgiBot A2 Ultra (远征 A2)Avidbots Neo
  12. inventory clerk 2 robots
    AutoStore Cube Storage SystemUnitree G1
  13. last-mile delivery driver 2 robots
    Serve Robotics Gen3Zipline Platform 2 (P2)
  14. light assembly worker 2 robots
    Fanuc CRX-10iANEURA 4NE-1 (Gen 3.5)
  15. light manufacturing operator 2 robots
    Figure 02Tesla Optimus
  16. machine tender 2 robots
    MOTOMAN GP12Standard Bots RO1
  17. order fulfillment associate 2 robots
    Agility DigitAutoStore Cube Storage System
  18. order picker 2 robots
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robotLocus Origin
  19. palletiser 2 robots
    Estun iER20-1760Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  20. quality control inspector 2 robots
    Atlas (Electric)Tesla Optimus
  21. returns processor 2 robots
    Agility DigitLocus Origin
  22. ride-hailing driver 2 robots
    Apollo Go (Apollo RT6)WeRide Robotaxi GXR
  23. rideshare driver 2 robots
    Waymo One robotaxiZoox robotaxi
  24. seasonal farm laborer 2 robots
    Tevel Flying Autonomous Robot (Alpha-bot)XAG P150 Max
  25. adhesive and sealant applicator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  26. adhesive dispenser 1 robot
    Fanuc CRX-10iA
  27. agricultural equipment operator 1 robot
    GUSS autonomous orchard sprayer
  28. agricultural hand-weeder (organic hoeing crew) 1 robot
    FarmDroid FD20
  29. airport / transit hub floor-care technician 1 robot
    Avidbots Neo
  30. airport baggage handler 1 robot
    Unitree G1
  31. airport transfer driver 1 robot
    Pony.ai Gen-7 Robotaxi
  32. apple / stone-fruit harvest crew 1 robot
    Tevel Flying Autonomous Robot (Alpha-bot)
  33. arc welder 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  34. assembly line worker 1 robot
    MOTOMAN GP12
  35. assembly operator 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  36. automotive assembly line worker 1 robot
    UBTech Walker S2
  37. automotive body shop assembler 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6700
  38. automotive logistics material handler 1 robot
    Agility Digit
  39. automotive parts assembler 1 robot
    Holiday Robotics FRIDAY
  40. barcode scanning clerk 1 robot
    MagicBot Gen1
  41. barista 1 robot
    Doosan E0509
  42. battery pack end-of-line tester 1 robot
    Moz1
  43. big-box retail cleaner 1 robot
    Avidbots Neo
  44. blocklayer / mason 1 robot
    Hadrian X
  45. body-panel material handler 1 robot
    KUKA KR QUANTEC
  46. bricklayer 1 robot
    Hadrian X
  47. busser 1 robot
    Bear Robotics Servi
  48. campus dining delivery staff 1 robot
    Starship delivery robot
  49. cart pusher / tugger operator 1 robot
    Amazon Proteus
  50. case packer / packaging line operator 1 robot
    MOTOMAN GP12
  51. case picker 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  52. CNC machine operator 1 robot
    Standard Bots RO1
  53. CNC machine tender 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6710
  54. commercial building janitor 1 robot
    Zerith-H1
  55. commercial event performer 1 robot
    MagicBot Z1
  56. commissary kitchen line server 1 robot
    Chef (Chef+)
  57. construction laborer (walling) 1 robot
    Hadrian X
  58. construction layout technician 1 robot
    Dusty FieldPrinter 2
  59. construction site material handler 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics Lynx M20
  60. construction surveyor's assistant 1 robot
    Dusty FieldPrinter 2
  61. contract crop-protection crew member 1 robot
    XAG P150 Max
  62. contract spray crew laborer 1 robot
    Agras T70P
  63. convenience store and pharmacy clerk 1 robot
    Galbot G1
  64. convention usher 1 robot
    Jupiter
  65. conveyor loader 1 robot
    Agility Digit
  66. corporate showroom receptionist 1 robot
    MagicBot Z1
  67. crop scout 1 robot
    John Deere See & Spray
  68. customs and border inspection assistant 1 robot
    UBTech Walker S2
  69. dairy herdsperson (milking duties) 1 robot
    Lely Astronaut A5
  70. dairy parlour milker 1 robot
    Lely Astronaut A5
  71. delivery station sorter 1 robot
    Amazon Proteus
  72. depalletizer 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  73. die-cast extraction operator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  74. dispensing and gluing operator 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  75. distribution center night-shift sorter 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  76. domestic and care support worker (stated target, unproven) 1 robot
    NEURA 4NE-1 (Gen 3.5)
  77. eldercare companion (non-physical, presence & conversation) 1 robot
    UBTECH UWORLD U1
  78. electric vehicle battery QA technician 1 robot
    Moz1
  79. electronics assembly and quality inspection worker 1 robot
    AgiBot A2 Ultra (远征 A2)
  80. electronics assembly worker 1 robot
    Holiday Robotics FRIDAY
  81. electronics factory quality inspector 1 robot
    MagicBot Gen1
  82. emotional-support / social-interaction roles 1 robot
    UBTECH UWORLD U1
  83. entry-level production welder 1 robot
    Standard Bots RO1
  84. exhibition and reception staff 1 robot
    AgiBot A2 Ultra (远征 A2)
  85. exhibition hall guide 1 robot
    S2
  86. exhibition hall tour guide 1 robot
    MagicBot Gen1
  87. facilities cleaner 1 robot
    Zerith-H1
  88. factory line operator (light assembly) 1 robot
    Galbot G1
  89. farm equipment operator 1 robot
    Monarch MK-V
  90. farm spray-crew laborer 1 robot
    GUSS autonomous orchard sprayer
  91. fast-food line cook 1 robot
    Doosan E0509
  92. field engineer (manual layout) 1 robot
    Dusty FieldPrinter 2
  93. field sprayer operator 1 robot
    John Deere See & Spray
  94. field sprayer operator (herbicide spray runs) 1 robot
    Carbon Robotics LaserWeeder G2
  95. food delivery courier 1 robot
    Zipline Platform 2 (P2)
  96. food delivery courier (gig platform rider) 1 robot
    Starship delivery robot
  97. food production line worker 1 robot
    Chef (Chef+)
  98. food runner 1 robot
    Bear Robotics Servi
  99. food-prep worker 1 robot
    Doosan E0509
  100. forklift driver (low-load segments) 1 robot
    Locus Vector
  101. foundry / forging operator 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6700
  102. foundry die-cast machine operator 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6710
  103. foundry machine operator 1 robot
    KUKA KR QUANTEC
  104. freight unloader 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  105. fried-chicken fry cook 1 robot
    Doosan E0509
  106. front-desk receptionist 1 robot
    Jupiter
  107. fruit picker (orchard harvest worker) 1 robot
    Tevel Flying Autonomous Robot (Alpha-bot)
  108. fulfillment associate 1 robot
    Locus Origin
  109. fulfillment center outbound dock associate 1 robot
    Amazon Proteus
  110. gig delivery worker (Uber Eats / DoorDash) 1 robot
    Serve Robotics Gen3
  111. grinding and deburring operator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  112. grocery last-mile delivery driver 1 robot
    Starship delivery robot
  113. heavy parts material handler 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6700
  114. heavy warehouse picker (rough terrain) 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics Lynx M20
  115. high-voltage connector operator 1 robot
    Moz1
  116. HoLEP / laser enucleation subspecialist urologist 1 robot
    PROCEPT HYDROS
  117. home care aide 1 robot
    1X NEO
  118. host / hostess 1 robot
    Bear Robotics Servi
  119. hotel concierge / front-desk staff 1 robot
    S2
  120. hotel greeter 1 robot
    Jupiter
  121. hotel housekeeper 1 robot
    Zerith-H1
  122. hotel lobby greeter 1 robot
    S2
  123. hotel room attendant 1 robot
    Zerith-H1
  124. hotel shuttle driver 1 robot
    Zoox robotaxi
  125. housekeeper 1 robot
    1X NEO
  126. in-vehicle safety operator 1 robot
    Apollo Go (Apollo RT6)
  127. industrial welder 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6700
  128. inspection technician 1 robot
    Fanuc CRX-10iA
  129. intraoperative radiologic technologist (C-arm / fluoroscopy) 1 robot
    ExcelsiusGPS
  130. inventory / cycle counter 1 robot
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robot
  131. kitchen line worker 1 robot
    Doosan E0509
  132. knapsack pesticide sprayer 1 robot
    XAG P150 Max
  133. knapsack sprayer operator 1 robot
    Agras T70P
  134. labour-hire mine equipment operator 1 robot
    Cat MineStar Command for hauling (Cat 793)
  135. Las Vegas Strip limousine and chauffeur driver 1 robot
    Zoox robotaxi
  136. last-mile cargo handler (rough terrain) 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics Lynx M20
  137. light assembly line operator 1 robot
    Moz1
  138. light assembly line worker 1 robot
    Unitree G1
  139. light-duty in-home service worker 1 robot
    1X NEO
  140. logistics and warehouse handler 1 robot
    UBTech Walker S2
  141. logistics handler 1 robot
    NEURA 4NE-1 (Gen 3.5)
  142. logistics tote handler 1 robot
    Apptronik Apollo
  143. long-haul (over-the-road) truck driver 1 robot
    Aurora Horizon (Aurora Driver)
  144. machine feeder and offbearer 1 robot
    MOTOMAN GP12
  145. machine tender / CNC loader-unloader 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  146. machine tender / loader-unloader 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  147. manual chalk-line layout crew 1 robot
    Dusty FieldPrinter 2
  148. manual field-weeding crew 1 robot
    Naïo Orio
  149. manual pesticide applicator 1 robot
    Agras T70P
  150. manual seed-drill operator 1 robot
    FarmDroid FD20
  151. manual weeding crew member 1 robot
    John Deere See & Spray
  152. manual weeding crew member (hand-hoeing crew) 1 robot
    Carbon Robotics LaserWeeder G2
  153. manufacturing inspection worker 1 robot
    Moz1
  154. meal-assembly portioner 1 robot
    Chef (Chef+)
  155. middle-mile box truck driver (CDL) 1 robot
    Gatik driverless box truck (Freight-Only)
  156. milking machine operator 1 robot
    Lely Astronaut A5
  157. mine-site shift driver 1 robot
    Komatsu FrontRunner AHS
  158. mining haul truck driver 1 robot
    Cat MineStar Command for hauling (Cat 793)
  159. mining site logistics worker 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics Lynx M20
  160. night watchman 1 robot
    Knightscope K5 (5th generation)
  161. night-shift building custodian 1 robot
    Avidbots Neo
  162. night-shift haulage crew supervisor 1 robot
    Cat MineStar Command for hauling (Cat 793)
  163. off-premise food runner 1 robot
    Serve Robotics Gen3
  164. office building reception 1 robot
    S2
  165. oil refinery inspector 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics X30
  166. open-pit haul-truck operator 1 robot
    Komatsu FrontRunner AHS
  167. operating room circulating nurse (reduced per-procedure headcount as robot workflows standardize) 1 robot
    Medtronic Hugo RAS
  168. orchard / vineyard spray-rig operator 1 robot
    GUSS autonomous orchard sprayer
  169. order picker (grocery and instant retail) 1 robot
    Galbot G1
  170. order selector 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  171. organic farm weed scout 1 robot
    Carbon Robotics LaserWeeder G2
  172. orthopedic / neurosurgical surgical technologist 1 robot
    ExcelsiusGPS
  173. owner-operator trucker 1 robot
    Aurora Horizon (Aurora Driver)
  174. packaging line operator 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  175. paid companion / companionship aide 1 robot
    UBTECH UWORLD U1
  176. pallet jack operator 1 robot
    Locus Vector
  177. palletizer / depalletizer 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6700
  178. palletizer / packaging line worker 1 robot
    Standard Bots RO1
  179. parcel handler 1 robot
    Dexterity Mech
  180. parking facility patrol officer 1 robot
    Knightscope K5 (5th generation)
  181. parts handler 1 robot
    Tesla Optimus
  182. parts kitter 1 robot
    Apptronik Apollo
  183. parts sequencing operator 1 robot
    Atlas (Electric)
  184. peak-season temporary picker 1 robot
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robot
  185. personal assistant (residential) 1 robot
    1X NEO
  186. pesticide applicator 1 robot
    XAG P150 Max
  187. pharmacy and medical courier 1 robot
    Zipline Platform 2 (P2)
  188. pick-and-place assembly operator 1 robot
    Standard Bots RO1
  189. pipeline corridor inspector 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics X30
  190. planogram compliance auditor 1 robot
    Simbe Tally (Tally 4.0)
  191. point-to-point transport worker 1 robot
    Locus Vector
  192. power plant security guard 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics X30
  193. precision agriculture technician 1 robot
    John Deere See & Spray
  194. press brake and stamping operator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  195. press operator 1 robot
    MOTOMAN GP12
  196. press tender (heavy metal fabrication) 1 robot
    KUKA KR QUANTEC
  197. price-audit and tag-change clerk 1 robot
    Simbe Tally (Tally 4.0)
  198. private hire / chauffeur 1 robot
    Pony.ai Gen-7 Robotaxi
  199. private hire chauffeur 1 robot
    Apollo Go (Apollo RT6)
  200. production line inspector 1 robot
    Apptronik Apollo
  201. production line material handler 1 robot
    MagicBot Gen1
  202. production line quality inspector (visual and tactile inspection) 1 robot
    Holiday Robotics FRIDAY
  203. public safety perimeter patrol officer 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics X30
  204. putaway clerk 1 robot
    Locus Origin
  205. putaway worker 1 robot
    AutoStore Cube Storage System
  206. quality inspection operator 1 robot
    UBTech Walker S2
  207. quality inspector 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  208. regional air freight crew 1 robot
    Reliable Robotics uncrewed cargo aircraft (Cessna 208B retrofit)
  209. regional cargo pilot (Part 135 feeder) 1 robot
    Reliable Robotics uncrewed cargo aircraft (Cessna 208B retrofit)
  210. regional Class 8 freight driver 1 robot
    Aurora Horizon (Aurora Driver)
  211. regional DC-to-store shuttle driver 1 robot
    Gatik driverless box truck (Freight-Only)
  212. relief / seasonal milker 1 robot
    Lely Astronaut A5
  213. replenishment associate 1 robot
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robot
  214. restaurant delivery courier 1 robot
    Serve Robotics Gen3
  215. restaurant server / waiter 1 robot
    Bear Robotics Servi
  216. retail distribution centre worker 1 robot
    UBTech Walker S2
  217. retail distribution driver 1 robot
    Gatik driverless box truck (Freight-Only)
  218. retail floor associate (information desk) 1 robot
    S2
  219. retail inventory clerk 1 robot
    Simbe Tally (Tally 4.0)
  220. retail shelf stocker 1 robot
    Galbot G1
  221. ride-hail driver 1 robot
    Pony.ai Gen-7 Robotaxi
  222. riveting and flow-drilling operator 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6710
  223. row crop hand laborer 1 robot
    Carbon Robotics LaserWeeder G2
  224. row-crop hoeing laborer 1 robot
    Naïo Orio
  225. scenic site tour guide 1 robot
    MagicBot Z1
  226. science museum docent 1 robot
    MagicBot Z1
  227. screwdriving operator 1 robot
    Universal Robots UR12e (formerly UR10e)
  228. seasonal field hand 1 robot
    Agras T70P
  229. seasonal field laborer 1 robot
    FarmDroid FD20
  230. seasonal vegetable sowing worker 1 robot
    Naïo Orio
  231. security guard (unarmed patrol) 1 robot
    Knightscope K5 (5th generation)
  232. security patrol officer 1 robot
    AgiBot A2 Ultra (远征 A2)
  233. self-piercing rivet (SPR) operator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  234. sheet metal handler 1 robot
    Figure 02
  235. showroom attendant 1 robot
    Jupiter
  236. shuttle driver 1 robot
    Pony.ai Gen-7 Robotaxi
  237. specialty-crop tractor operator 1 robot
    Naïo Orio
  238. spot welding operator 1 robot
    Estun iER20-1760
  239. stamping press tender 1 robot
    ABB IRB 6710
  240. sterile processing technician (cystoscope reprocessing) 1 robot
    PROCEPT HYDROS
  241. stock room associate 1 robot
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robot
  242. storage zone operator 1 robot
    AutoStore Cube Storage System
  243. substation patrol technician 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics X30
  244. supermarket floor greeter 1 robot
    S2
  245. surface mine equipment operator 1 robot
    Komatsu FrontRunner AHS
  246. surface mine heavy equipment operator 1 robot
    Cat MineStar Command for hauling (Cat 793)
  247. surgical first assistant (specific subtasks the wristed instruments absorb) 1 robot
    Medtronic Hugo RAS
  248. surgical first assistant (spine) 1 robot
    ExcelsiusGPS
  249. surgical technologist (instrument-handling roles where modular arm carts cut prep and turnover labor) 1 robot
    Medtronic Hugo RAS
  250. tote handler 1 robot
    Agility Digit
  251. tractor boom-sprayer operator 1 robot
    XAG P150 Max
  252. tractor operator 1 robot
    Monarch MK-V
  253. tractor sprayer operator 1 robot
    Agras T70P
  254. trailer loader-unloader 1 robot
    Dexterity Mech
  255. transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) surgeon 1 robot
    PROCEPT HYDROS
  256. university library help-desk staff 1 robot
    S2
  257. urology operating room surgical technologist 1 robot
    PROCEPT HYDROS
  258. utility line maintenance assistant 1 robot
    DEEP Robotics Lynx M20
  259. vineyard / orchard field hand 1 robot
    Monarch MK-V
  260. warehouse material handler 1 robot
    Amazon Proteus
  261. warehouse operative 1 robot
    Geek+ P800R shelf-to-person robot
  262. warehouse sorter 1 robot
    AgiBot A2 Ultra (远征 A2)
  263. warehouse stocker 1 robot
    Symbotic SymBot
  264. water cart operator (indirect) 1 robot
    Cat MineStar Command for hauling (Cat 793)

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